The results of drilling more than 40 wells for several clients in the basement complex rocks of southwestern nigeria since 1981 by geostruct company have shown that wells can be successfully located in basement complex areas without necessarily relying on expensive preliminary geophysical studies. Introduction nigeria is situated within the pan african mobile belt and sandwiched between the west african craton to the west the taureq shield to the north and the congo craton to the southeast fig.
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From this description of rocks units and also the younger granite intrusion.
Basement complex rocks of nigeria. 11 statement of the problem the basement complex of nigeria consists of migmatites and migmatitic gneisses slightly migmatized to unmigmatized paraschists with interbeds of meta and non meta igneous rocks also referred to as the younger metasediments or the schist belts and the older. 12 and south of the tuareg shield black 1980. The basement rocks are also exposed in the north.
Migmatite gneiss migmatite gneiss the schist belt and older granite and younger granite complexes and all of these are seen in different location of the studied area. The oldest precambrian rocks in nigeria likely formed during the archean or the paleoproterozoic forming the beninian gneiss in the benin nigeria orogen formed during the proterozoic pan african orogenythe crystalline basement rock of the country is grouped as the nigerian province a southern continuation of the central hoggar reactivated basement. Basement rock is contrasted to overlying sedimentary rocks which are laid down on top of the basement rocks after the continent was formed such as sandstone and limestone.
Implications on provenance and evolution 99 22 the magmatite gnessic complex this geotectonic complex which constitutes over 75 of the surface area of the south western nigerian basement complex is said to have evolved through 3 major geotectonic events. Basement complex mineral belts nigeria uranium i. Basement rock is the thick foundation of ancient and oldest metamorphic and igneous rock that forms the crust of continents often in the form of granite.
The crystalline rocks which forms the basement complex rocks of nigeria are exposed in about half the surface area of the country. The migmatite gneiss complex is the oldest basement rock and is believed to be of sedimentary origin but was later profoundly altered into metamorphic and granite conditions. The basement complex is one of the three major litho petrological components that make up the geology of nigeria fig.
Basement rocks andor sedimentary rocks. The nigerian basement complex forms a part of the pan african mobile belt and lies between the west african and congo cratons fig. The older metasediments were also among the earliest rocks to form on the nigerian basement complex.
Stratigraphy tectonics geologic history. Geology and geotectonic setting of the basement complex rocks in south western nigeria. The nigeria basement complex have been conformed to comprise of three major rock units of which are.
The remaining half is covered by sedimentary rocks of sokoto chad or bornu basin niger valley benue trough and anambra basin.
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